P0231 on Volvo: How to Diagnose & Fix
Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit - Low
1 Volvo model · 1 documented issue · 1 critical
P0231 on Volvo by model: symptoms, diagnosis and fix
Multiple recalls affect 2019-2020 XC90: (1) Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) may not function properly (NHTSA 20V144000), (2) the low-pressure fuel pump can blow a fuse and fail, causing stalling (NHTSA 21V414000). Both are safety recalls with free repairs at Volvo dealers.
Common Symptoms
- Automatic Emergency Braking may not work properly
- Fuel pump failure
- Engine stalling
How to Fix
Check VIN at NHTSA.gov or Volvo's recall website. Contact any Volvo dealer for free recall repairs. The AEB recall (Volvo R29998) involves an Active Safety Domain Master software update. The fuel pump recall (Volvo R10100) involves replacing the fuel pump fuse. Do not delay on safety recalls.
Call to confirm they can assess your vehicle and perform the stated work. Search results do not confirm qualification, eligibility or coverage.
Owner tips & cautions
- WarningThis is a high-severity issue - ignoring it can lead to costly repairs or safety concerns. Address it promptly.
- TipGet a proper diagnosis before replacing parts - similar symptoms can have different causes
- TipSearch Volvo XC90 forums and owner groups for real-world experiences and DIY guides
- TipGet multiple quotes from independent mechanics - dealer prices can be 2-3x higher for the same repair
- TipCheck NHTSA.gov for active recalls — repairs are performed free at authorized dealers
Sources for this issue (2)
P0231 code reference
General diagnostic-code context. The code alone does not confirm a cause for your vehicle; use the applicable issue card and its sources.
Frequently asked questions
What does P0231 mean on a Volvo?
P0231 stands for "Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit - Low." This code indicates the engine computer detected a low-voltage condition in the fuel pump's secondary (driver/output) control circuit. Many vehicles control the fuel pump through a relay or a dedicated driver module, and the computer monitors the voltage on that circuit to confirm the pump is being powered correctly. When the feedback voltage stays lower than expected, P0231 sets. Because the fuel pump supplies pressurized fuel to the injectors, this fault can cause hard starting, stalling, or no-start conditions. On Volvo it is documented across 1 model: XC90.
What are the most common causes of P0231?
The most common causes of P0231 are: Faulty fuel pump relay, Corroded or loose connector at the pump or relay, Damaged or shorted wiring in the pump power circuit, Poor ground for the fuel pump circuit, Failing fuel pump drawing abnormal current, Faulty fuel pump driver module, PCM/ECM internal driver fault (rare). The specific cause varies by vehicle.
How much does it cost to fix P0231 on a Volvo?
Repair costs vary widely with the root cause and Volvo model; each issue on this page carries its own estimate where one is published.
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Content compiled with AI assistance using NHTSA complaints, TSBs, and owner reports. May contain errors. Always verify with your vehicle's service manual.