P0016 on Chevrolet: How to Diagnose & Fix

The 2.4L Ecotec engine is prone to premature timing chain failure due to improperly hardened chains and faulty tensioners. A defective batch of timing chains that were not hardened properly causes the chains to stretch prematurely. When the timing chain fails or jumps teeth on the sprockets, it can cause catastrophic valve damage and complete engine failure.

GM's high-feature V6 in the Equinox suffers premature timing-chain stretch, distinct from the covered 2.4L chain issue. Worn chains/guides/tensioners throw off cam-to-crank timing, setting P0008/P0009 (engine position performance) and P0016-P0019 (crank/cam correlation). The classic symptom is a rattle or chain-slap on cold start from the front/passenger side of the engine. Long oil-change intervals and low oil accelerate the wear; left unfixed, a chain can jump time or break and bend valves.

The 2.4L Ecotec in 2010-2017 Equinox is prone to premature timing-chain and balance-chain stretch, driven primarily by a collapsing chain tensioner and made worse by the engine's known oil-consumption problem (low oil reduces hydraulic pressure to the tensioner). Symptoms are a rattle at cold startup, a check-engine light, and rough running or loss of power. Because the engine is an interference design, a chain that skips timing far enough lets the valves contact the pistons, turning a maintenance item into an engine-destroying failure. GM issued Special Coverage Adjustment 12313 (10 years/120,000 miles) for 2010-2011 2.4L (LAF) engines because the chrome layer on the balance chain pins may wear and let the balance chain stretch; it covers the balance chain and fuel pump, not the timing chain.

On 2017-2021 Colorado trucks with the 3.6L V6, GM bulletins describe a water pump that makes a belt-area squeak or noise from the front of the engine, from a dry or noisy pump shaft seal. The pump noise can be read as engine knock, so the check engine light may come on with DTC P0324. The pump is belt-driven.

The 3.6L V6 fitted to the 2015-2022 Colorado (LFX through 2016, LGZ from 2017) can suffer timing chain stretch and timing chain tensioner wear, showing up as a rattle on cold start that fades as oil pressure builds, a check engine light with cam/crank correlation or VVT position codes such as P0016, P0017 and P0018, rough running and lost power. Unlike the earlier high-feature V6s, the failures on the 2015-and-later engines are strongly correlated with oil neglect: extended intervals under the oil life monitor, running the engine low on oil, or using the wrong grade lets the hydraulically applied chain tensioners lose their bite. Forum consensus from Colorado owners is that trucks changed at around 5,000 miles rarely see it and neglected trucks see it well before 100,000. This is a V6 issue - do not attribute it to the 2.5L LCV, the 2.8L diesel, or the third-generation 2.7L turbo.

The 2.2L and 2.0L Ecotec engines in the Cobalt develop timing chain stretch and timing chain guide deterioration. The plastic timing chain guides wear over time, causing the chain to become slack and noisy. If left unaddressed, the timing chain can skip teeth, causing valve timing misalignment and potential engine damage. The issue typically develops between 80,000-150,000 miles. The water pump is driven by the timing chain on these engines, so both should be addressed together.

Timing chain tensioner fails allowing chain to slap and jump timing. 2.5L V6 particularly susceptible. Can cause valve damage if chain jumps more than one tooth.

The GM Ecotec 2.4L engine in the Malibu (LE5 in 2008-2012, LUK in the 2013 Eco) can suffer from timing chain stretch and plastic guide breakage. The plastic guides break causing the chain to sag, and since this is an interference engine, failure can destroy the engine. Low oil level accelerates timing chain wear, and GM bulletins note that a short start-up rattle with P0011/P0014/P0016/P0017 can also come from cam actuators not parking properly, and P0016/P0017 on a properly timed engine from a camshaft reluctor that has moved.

The 3.6L high-feature V6 offered in the 2008-2012 Malibu — the LY7 for all of those years — uses three chains and plastic-faced tensioner shoes. The original chain and tensioner design wears prematurely, aggravated by GM's oil-life-monitor service intervals that let owners run 10,000+ miles on degraded oil. As the guides wear the chain goes slack, cam timing drifts out of the correlation window, and the ECM sets P0008 or P0016-P0019. Left alone the chain can skip a tooth on a cold start and the pistons will contact the valves. This is a different failure from the 2.4L four-cylinder chain issue: the V6 is a three-chain, rear-of-block-access design, the labor is far heavier, and the symptom onset is a rattle on cold start rather than the 2.4's oil-consumption-driven wear.

GM recalled roughly 597,630 trucks and SUVs (NHTSA recall, 2025) — including 2021-2024 Silverado 1500 with the 6.2L L87 V8 — for connecting rods and/or crankshafts that may have manufacturing defects (debris in oil passages or out-of-spec parts). Affected engines can seize or knock and suddenly lose propulsion, with documented fire and crash allegations. GM's tally tied to the recall logged about 28,000 complaints, including ~14,300 alleging loss of propulsion. The remedy splits vehicles into two groups: those that fail inspection get a full engine replacement, while those that pass switch from 0W-20 to thicker 0W-40 oil plus a revised service procedure. A class action is pending, and NHTSA has opened a follow-up engineering analysis into post-recall L87 failures.

Gen IV 5.3L AFM engines burn oil at an abnormal rate — many owners report consuming roughly a quart every 1,000-2,000 miles with no external leak. The accepted root cause is a combination of GM's low-tension piston rings plus the AFM system spraying oil onto the cylinder walls during cylinder deactivation; oil gets past the rings and is burned in the combustion chamber. The PCV system and carboned-up rings compound it. The chronic low oil level then accelerates the AFM lifter failures these engines are also known for. This was the subject of a high-profile class-action (Sloan v. GM / Siqueiros) covering Gen IV 5.3L AFM trucks, and it is one of the most-searched Silverado complaints.

Worn (stretched) timing chains on the 3.6L High Feature V6 can set DTCs P0008, P0009, P0016, P0017, P0018 and/or P0019, and GM released timing chain service kits for the repair. Applies to: 2009-2012 Chevrolet Traverse with the 3.6L LLT V6 (GM bulletin 12-06-01-009F also lists other GM High Feature V6 models). GM's bulletin does not list 2013-2017 Traverse models.

The second-generation 3.6L LFY runs four cam phasers fed by oil-control solenoids. On early C1XX Traverse builds the solenoids stick or screen-clog with casting/machining debris and varnish, and the ECM calibration was itself part of the problem. The result is a set of correlated cam timing codes — commonly P0011 with P0014, P0021 and P0024 appearing together — plus a rough idle, a rattle on start-up as the phasers fail to lock, and reduced power. On 2018 models GM addressed the calibration side with Service Update N192266190, an ECM reprogram for an engine-control software issue during auto stop/start events that could cause rough running, reduced power or a stall with P0011/P0014/P0021/P0024. This is distinct from the LLT/LFX timing chain stretch problem: the chains here are not necessarily worn, the phaser control is.

On the Gen V 5.3L L83 (and 6.2L L86) in the Silverado 1500, the timing chain can stretch and the VVT cam phasers/actuators can wear, causing the camshaft to drift out of correlation with the crankshaft beyond what the variable-valve-timing system can correct. This sets crank/cam correlation and VVT codes, a startup rattle (slack chain before oil pressure builds), rough idle, reduced power, and on higher-mileage trucks a risk of the chain jumping. AFM operation and extended oil-change intervals accelerate the wear. It is a more involved repair than a sensor because it requires removing the front timing cover.

Gen V 5.3L engines use variable valve timing (VVT) with a cam phaser and VVT solenoid. Sludge and wear cause the phaser to rattle and the timing chain to stretch, producing a cold-start 'marbles in a can' rattle that often precedes a check-engine light. It sets crank/cam correlation codes (P0008/P0016/P0017) or VVT performance codes (P0011). GM PIP5258A covers P0011 cam actuator codes on the 5.3L L83 that persist after standard diagnosis, directing technicians to check oil pressure and the number 2 cam bearing that feeds the actuator. Ignored, a stretched chain can jump timing and cause severe internal damage.

The 3.6L direct-injected V6 used in fifth-generation Camaro is known for timing chain wear/stretch that can trigger cam/crank correlation faults, rough running, and reduced performance. GM issued service information and special coverage on related 3.6L timing chain concerns across multiple applications, and Camaro owners have documented the same issue in forums and complaints. Poor oil maintenance tends to accelerate wear because chain life is sensitive to lubrication quality and oil change intervals.

The 2.2L (L61) and 2.4L (LE5) Ecotec four-cylinders are prone to timing chain wear caused by failing plastic guides and weak tensioners, often aggravated by extended oil-change intervals or low oil. Because the engine is an interference design, a stretched chain that jumps time can let pistons strike valves and destroy the engine. The telltale sign is a rattling or scraping noise from the passenger side of the engine, especially on cold start, frequently accompanied by code P0008/P0017 for cam-to-crank correlation.

Cam-control faults on the LL8 require model-year-specific diagnosis. GM's bulletin includes solenoid-screen and crankshaft-end-play checks; a performance or correlation code does not by itself prove a clogged solenoid or worn chain.